week two

 Discussion B01

Kilobits/second (k(1000)), a unit of measurement for network communication, is the amount of data transferred every second. 1,000 bits per second (kbps), K (1024),

1KBos (1024 byte per second)

Formula for download speed: ((kbps value x 1000)/8)/24

-Layers of communication process: When a user application tries to contact a network, client softwires recognize the request and pass the message to protocol. Network interface driver sends the data to the physical NIC, which wraps the message's data and turns it into the signals needed to be delivered across the network.

-What does internetwork mean?

network = A set of LANs connected by routers

Personal area networks (PANs) are collections of network hardware that enable communication among associated devices.

A collection of networks that enable communication between multiple linked devices is known as a local area network (LAN).

– What are MANs?

Greater than LAN coverage is provided by metropolitan area networks, including small villages and cities.

– What are WANs?

WANs have a wider coverage area than LAN and MAN combined.

- Packet: a unit of data that also includes the source and destination IP addresses.

-Frame: A packet that also contains the source and destination MAC addresses. 

Encapsulation is the process of giving pieces of data IP and MAC addresses.

Lesson B02

-Network Equipment:

1.Repeater: A repeater is a potent piece of network hardware that regenerates receiving signals from the sender before retransmitting them to the receiver.

2.Hub: A hub is a physical layer networking device that connects various networked devices. Active, Passive, and Intelligent hubs are the three different types.

3.Switches; links networked devices to one another so they can communicate by transferring data packets.

4. Router: A component used to connect two or more packet-switched networks or subnetworks.

Network bandwidth is a measurement of a network's capacity or data transfer rate.

-Hub warning lights

-Network switches, which are pieces of technology that enable two or more computers to communicate with one another.

Switch operation steps:

1.Switch gets a frame 

2. The switch examines the MAC address and source

3. The switch searches its switching database for the MAC address.

4.The switch passes the frame to the port that is home to the computer with the MAC address.

5. The source MAC address and port data are added to the switch table.

Wireless access points (WAPs): Enables devices with wireless capabilities to connect to strange networks

-NIC (network interface card): a piece of hardware, usually a circuit board, inserted on a computer to enable network connectivity.

-Wireless NICs: use the service set identifier (SSID) to connect to the network.

Data packages are forwarded by routers to the proper areas of a computer network.